Impacto da divulgação das notas no Enem na concorrência entre escolas

From 2006, the INEP (National Institute of Studies and Research) strated to publish annual school grades in the National Secondary Education Examination (Enem). The disclosure is already part of the calendar of the schools, teachers, newspapers and magazines covering the education sector and even parents. This study analyzes the impact of the disclosure of these grades in the competition among high schools and, more specifically, to evaluate the effect of the average grade of the concurrent schools in the grade of a certain school against the years prior to the disclosure. The competition will be analyzed from the viewpoint of space, so that the weight given to an institution grade in the estimation of the grade of another school is inversely proportional to the distances between them. This empirical analysis of public and private institutions was performed by least squares estimation, using control variables related to institutions and socioeconomic profile of students. For this, we used the Census microdata Enem School from 2004 to 2011. The results indicate the existence of competition between schools, with an increase in the competition in the group of public schools in the period after the release.