Justiça distributiva: variáveis de personalidade e variáveis situacionais
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1988-07-29
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Rodrigues, Aroldo
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This research investigates the social behavior of justice and its relation to personality and situational variables. Specifically, it intends to verify the relative influence of both types of variables on preference for certain norms of distributive justice in a situation of reward allocation. The personality factors singled out for study are rationality/emotionality, need for achievement and need for affiliation. On the other hand, the situational variables refer to interpersonal relations related to the functioning of groups, such as suggested by Deutsch. The results give empirical support to Deutsch's hypotheses, according to which the nature of social relations and that of the main objectives that govern the group behavior determine the choice of the value base of justice which regulates the allocation of goods and social conditions among the members of the group. The relationship between personality Variables and the allocation decision was not empirically confirmed. Only a few indications in the expected direction were found, particularly insofar as an eventual association between need for affiliation and choice of certain principles of distributive justice. However, owing to the constraints imposed by psychometric limitations of the measuring instruments, these results should be viewed with caution. Additional empirical studies are suggested so that the scales used to measure the personality variables be improved, allowing, as a result, more dependable conclusions.