Classification and characterization of the space of phylogenetic trees

Abstract

Phylogenetic trees are a family of planar graphs that are generally used to represent certain types of biological relationships, such as evolutionary relationships between species. This family of objects has applications in epidemiology, forensic sciences and several other areas. Therefore, it is essential to understand better the geometry of this family. This project consists of presenting the most used tree concepts and studying in depth properties of the phylogenetic tree space. We developed a survey that contains the main results of the area in the same place with the presentation focused on future application. Furthermore, we adapt the ideas of Song [15] to estimate the neighborhood with a fixed clade in the operation rooted SPR.