Bancos públicos e desenvolvimento: análise de decisões judiciais e intervenção do Estado na economia
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Data
2011-11-29
Autores
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Schapiro, Mario Gomes
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Resumo
This thesis aims to study some institutional arrangements of the Brazilian financial sector, with focus on the role played by Brazilian public banks within the Brazilian economy. I start analyzing relevant norms and judicial opinions related to public banks. About former, I present the normative organization of the Brazilian financial system, and as for the latter I discuss different judicial opinions that decided upon the issue on whether public banks were permitted to monopolize some financial assets or not. Afterwards, I attempt to make a political economy reading about structuralism and varieties of capitalism and what this literature can tell about the context in which the norms, judicial opinions, and Brazilian public banks are embedded in order to understand how these institutions and organizations have changed during different political and economic regimes in Brazil. On the one hand, the norms and judicial opinions are relevant to understand the organization of the Brazilian financial system, which has opted to strengthen the role of government banks, e.g., by determining that they shall receive funds from compulsory saving mechanisms because they are relevant players for implementing economic policy in Brazil. Moreover, the judicial opinions provide relevant information on whether Brazilian public banks may maintain monopoly of assets in a market economy. On the other hand, the political economy analysis presented in the second chapter provides another layer to the study the maintenance of public banks in a market economy in Brazil. Whether Brazil lives a variety of capitalism or is path dependent on its public banks is a matter that needs a discussion, and the judiciary has an important role in this context. Therefore, I will analyze different models of economic organization regarding financial systems, using the varieties of capitalism literature for this purpose. Different from the countries studied by this literature, it is noted that Brazil has different coordination mechanisms, i.e., a public coordination of the market economy, which has been structured as an alternative to overcome specific problems of the Brazilian economic development. What has led to this institutional arrangement, how it has been structured, and what is the role of the judiciary in this process is what will be studied in this thesis.