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2005-11-24
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In the last decades school attendance increased considerably in Brazil: for those between 10 to 14 years old , attendance is over 95% and for those between 15 to 19 years old, 70%. Twenty years ago those figures were 80% and 50% respectively. On the other hand, labor force participation remained relatively high and stable during this period, showing a less optimistic picture. This paper analyses the effect of labor market participation on school lag for two groups of age, 10 and 14 years old and 15 to 18 years old, using the propensity score matching methodology. As should be expected, the higher the probability of labor market participation the higher the school gap. But our main result is that, for both groups, but strongly for the youngest, the difference in school gap is higher for intermediate probabilities of labor market participation. In the extremes of the distribution, the difference in school gap is lower and in many times not statistically significant. Therefore, for those with high probability of working, working per se is not the main reason for the school gap. These results suggest that social policies aimed to lower the school gap should be more comprehensive targeting the family and not only child and youth work.