A ilusão de uma 'nova classe média' brasileira: conhecendo as trajetórias de jovens trabalhadores
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2015-04-10
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Freitas, Maria Ester de
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This thesis aims to discuss the phenomenon of the ‘new Brazilian middle class’, through an empirical qualitative study within the area of the organizational studies. The starting point of the study is the following problematic question: how the Brazilian economic growth, occurred over the past decade, impacted the trajectories and living conditions of low-income workers? The main research objective is to investigate what changes occurred in the trajectories of lowincome youth workers who migrated, over the past decade, to the so-called ‘new Brazilian middle class’. The methodological approach is empirical-qualitative and constitutes a primary search strategy: reconstruction of narrative biographies through interviews. We have the participation of 42 young workers within the intended cut. The data were interpreted with the help of the content analysis technique. The theoretical lens used to interpret the data was interdisciplinary constituted by the contributions of critical, economic and labor sociology, as well as the organizational studies contributions. The results indicated that the trajectories of young workers enshrine changes and continuities. As much as their lives are better now than in the past, the young workers have not reached a proper lifestyle of conventional middle class, considering that they: still reside in outlying areas; depend on public transportation and health services; and perform cultural/leisure activities like those waged in the past. This requires understanding the trajectories of young workers are given within an objective experience of collective life whose identification of those who follow insert in it, comes from of the daily experiences and common aspirations that they have for them. Therefore, we conclude that the idea of a NCM symbolizes the desire of its founders to point out the achievement of a desired social reality in Brazil, and not exactly the consolidation of this reality in the lives of the poorest workers. In this sense, the NCM is, much more, the realizing of the illusion of its creators than the empirical finding that the improvements in terms of income and purchasing power, were able, by itself, of transform the Brazil in a middle class country.