Determinação de indicadores de qualidade para avaliação do processo de gestão de pequenas e médias empresas do setor de construção civil habitacional
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Data
1993-09-24
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Orientador(res)
Csillag, João Mário
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The theme was taken trem a previeus analvses of the sector of housíng cíviI construction where was noted an existing gap, the absence of certain parameters of measuring , qualitatives and quantitatives, which in this work were denominated as quality indicators, that would be relevant towards monitoring and performace evaluation of the management process of small and medium enterprises of this lines of activities. In Brazil, the importance of the sector researched is confirmed by the additional value of the housing sector, corresponding to 2,2 % of PIB, and a larger view, considering the industry of civil construction as a whole, representing around 7,3% of the PIB (FIBGE, 1988). Reterring to the question of manual of labour, the black of datas in Brazil, it is well visible its large influence in the brazilian economy, acting as a line of activities doubling the constant personell turn over, especially reterring to the intensive usage of the lower class of manual labour. While in USA and CEE 90% of the enterprises consist of organizations with less than 10 employees, in Brazil where there is a lack of official datas, in the last resort it can be estimated that this percentage could vary between 50 and 70 % taking in the total enterprises, which is an extreme magnitude data. It was exactly the results of those numbers, whithout considering the housing shortage around 10 thousand units and the fact that around 50 thousand people, one third of the population, live in bad conditions (Exame, 1991) and due to this, the strong influence in the choice of this theme. In Brazil, the industry of civil construction can be subdivided into three segments: heavy construction, industrial assembly and housing construction. The sub-sector of housing construction to be studied characterizes by being a line of activities which can be considered backward from the technical point of view of production as from the entrepreneurial management process it from one point of view the housing civil construction can be considered obsolete, this doesn’t mean that it is not suffering transformation or that it doesn´t accept innovations, particularly in the field of modern entrepreneurial management process. The assimilation of this innovation in the housing civil construction line is extremely problematic due to the unknown prevalling in the entrepreneurial environment such as the new techniques being applied to the management process as well as the lack of awareness to the backwardness of the sector, when facing performance standard at the intersectorial level, with the incorporation of other lines of activity demands from the construction enterprises, as a survival factor, a considerable effort to increase the efficiency and above all the entrepreneurial effectiveness. Such incrementation of efficiency and effectiveness is completely linked to the necessity of identifying means to the increase of productivity through the improvement of the quality and to develop the control of productive process of the builders, even though coexists with the actual predominant technological basis. Along with those considerations, it is noted a tendency of introduction to new techniques and sustainance instruments to the entrepreneurial management process, which at the moment is presented as ana important gap to be fulfilled. It is in this context that the quality indicators are inserted towards the control of reaching corporate objectives, especially at the level of missions tulfillment in this type of organization. As contribution which the research may bring, there is confirmation of the possibilities in the entrepreneurial environment in which the research is inserted, clarification of the management concepts, applicable the sector of the enterprises and mainly the fixation of quality indicators whithin the limits suggested by the research. The creation of these indicators in the researched sector can still permit that the enterprise inserted in this field of activities can compare their performance with their competitors identifying if they are improving or falling back in their position from one term to the other. It enables also that the administration of these enterprises collect valuable assistances for their indispensable planning, besides which with the implementation of these types of indicators we will be creating assistances for its eventual systematic divulgation by the organ and group entities.