This study investigates the wage gap between the public and private sectors in Brazil. The analysis is carried out with 2009 microdata from the Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD) and it takes account its complex sample design. The main contribution of this study is the estimation of a switching endogenous regression model that corrects the selection bias in the choice of employment sector. This model allows for the identification of some factors that determine the entrance of the individual in the public sector labor market. The public-private wage gap is calculated by gender as labor supply varies significantly between women and men. The results show that public sector wages are higher than those in the private sector. In particular, the public-private wage gap for women is higher than for men.