Unpaid domestic work in Brazil: the Covid-19 pandemic as a determinant for gender inequalities
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2025-04-16
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Lima, Lycia Silva e
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This dissertation analyzes the differential implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on gender inequalities in unpaid domestic work in Brazil. Using data from the PNAD Contínua survey between 2016 and 2022 and a Differences-in-Differences (DiD) empirical strategy, the study analyzes how the pandemic affected the time allocation of men and women to unpaid household and caregiving activities. The findings do not identify causal effects due to the absence of a true control group. Rather, the analysis focuses on differential changes across gender and racial groups before and after the pandemic. The findings reveal a significant reduction in the gender gap, as women increased their unpaid work less than men during the pandemic. However, this narrowing was not equally distributed across racial groups. White and Yellow women experienced a sharper decline in the gender gap compared to Black and Brown women, indicating persistent racial disparities. The study contributes to the literature by highlighting the differentiated influences of the pandemic on unpaid work and reinforcing the importance of intersectional approaches in assessing gender inequalities.